Novi Zakon o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici i zaštita prava na život

Abstract

Skoro dve decenije u Srbiji se nasilju u porodici posvećuje ogromna pažnja. Ova tema je naročito bila aktuelna tokom 2016. i sada tokom 2017. godine, u vreme javne rasprave, donošenja i početka primene Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici. Svakodnevno u kolumnama udarne vesti se odnose na nasilje među članovima porodice, naročito osoba muškog pola nad ženama i decom. Ishod nasilja je često lišenje života članova porodice, odnosno ubistvo i/ili samoubistvo. Na skupu predstavnika državnih organa i nevladinih organizacija koji je održan 2016. godine povodom Međunarodnog dana borbe protiv nasilja nad ženama (25. novembar) rečeno je da je u poslednjih deset godina u Srbiji ubijeno 327 žena u porodičnom nasilju. Po podacima MUP-a koji su proistekli iz krivičnih prijava u poslednje dve godine (2015. i 2016) ubijeno je 57 lica u porodičnom nasilju. Tom broju treba dodati i broj lišenja života gde je učinilac izvršio samoubistvo odmah nakon ubistva, pa nije podneta krivična prijava. Da li su hitne mere imaju preventivnu ili represivnu ulogu? Da li je njihovo izricanje postalo dominantan način sprečavanja i suzbijanja nasilja u porodici? Kakvi su prvi efekti ovakvog načina rada državnih organa, pre svega policije, javnog tužilaštva i suda? Da li je ugroženo pravo na slobodu mogućeg učinioca? Na ova pitanja pokušaćemo da damo odgovor u narednom delu rada.

In Serbia, for last two decades, domestic violence is getting huge attention. This subject was especially going in 2016. and now in 2017, during public debate of passing and application of the Law for stooping domestic violence. Every day you can read in newspapers about domestic violence, especially a man who is hurting woman and children. The outcome of violence is very often depraving of life, a murder and a suicide. In Serbia, for last ten years, 327 women were murdered in domestic violence. According to Ministry of Internal Affairs data, gotten from criminal charges for last two years (2015. and 2016.), 57 persons were murdered in domestic violence. We should add to this number, the number of depraving of life, where the executor has committed suicide, right after the murder, and there was no a criminal charge. In criminal - legal terms, the results, that have gotten in research, confirm the fact that the refusal of criminal charges, by applying opportunities, is the way to resolve the subject by Public Prosecutor’s Office, and conditional sentence became a dominant way of sanction for criminal act, domestic violence - two third of sentences are conditional sentences. The response of Executive and Legislative Authority for those Criminal policy results, is new law whose purpose is to prevent - stop domestic violence. The author of the work tried to respond to next questions: Do emergency measures have preventive or repressive role? Did their pronouncing become dominant way to prevent and stop domestic violence? How are the first effects of this way of State Authorities work, primarily the Police, the Public Prosecutor’s office and the Court? Is the right to freedom of possible perpetrator jeopardized? Is the number of discovered domestic violence cases is less, for first two months of application of the law, than in previous period?