Hearing of suspect in criminal proceedings legislations of individual European countries

Abstract

In effort to observe as completely as possible the provisions of the Code of Criminal Proceedings of Republic of Serbia, which refer to hearing of suspect, and in order to achieve optimal level necessary for efficient stamping out of crime, it is necessary to observe what tendencies exist in this field in comparative legislation. In this paper, the effort has been made to observe the solutions given by legislation of some member states of former SFRY (Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina), as well as of some Western European Countries (Germany, France, Great Britain), which refer to hearing of suspect. Since his proceedings position is in great many specific in Great Britain in comparison to the legislations of other European countries with Euro-Continental legal system; a special attention is paid to the provisions that regulate hearing of suspect in this country. In order to make the comparative overview as complete as possible, in addition to Western European Countries, in this paper a proper attention was also paid to appropriate provisions of proceedings legislation of Russian Federation, which refers to aforementioned problems. The author’s effort has not been targeted to complete observation of suspect’s position in proceedings legislations of aforesaid countries, but primarily to analyze provisions that regulate his hearing and the rights he is entitled to in relation with this action.

U nastojanju da se što potpunije sagledaju odredbe aktuelnog Zakonika o krivičnom postupku Republike Srbije koje se odnose na saslušanje osumnjičenog, a u cilju postizanja optimalnog nivoa koji je neophodan za efikasno suzbijanje kriminaliteta, neophodno je sagledati kakve tendencije u ovoj oblasti postoje i u uporednom zakonodavstvu. U ovom radu nastoje se sagledati rešenja zakonodavstava nekih zemalja članica bivše SFRJ (Hrvatska, Slovenija, Bosna i Hercegovina), kao i nekih država Zapadne Evrope (Nemačka, Francuska, Velika Britanija) koja se odnose na saslušanje osumnjičenog. Kako je njegov procesni položaj u Velikoj Britaniji po mnogo čemu specifičan u odnosu na zakonodavstva drugih evropskih zemalja evro-kontinentalnog pravnog sistema, odredbama koje uređuju saslušanje osumnjičenog u ovoj zemlji posvećena je naročita pažnja. Da bi uporedni prikaz bio što potpuniji, osim zemalja Zapadne Evrope u radu je dužna pažnja posvećena i odgovarajućim odredbama procesnog zakonodavstva Ruske Federacije koje se odnose na pomenutu problematiku. Nastojanje autora nije bilo da teži potpunom sagledavanju položaja osumnjičenog u procesnim zakonodavstvima navedenih zemalja, već da pre svega analizira odredbe koje uređuju njegovo saslušanje i prava koja on, u vezi sa tom radnjom, poseduje.