Classifications of rape relevant for criminalistics

Abstract

Although the criminal offence of rape is not so much prevalent in the overall crime statistics, the brutality with which it is often done, grave consequences for the victim and high dark figure have provoked, among other things, it thorough study. In this sense, for years it has been the subject of analyses of criminal law theory and practice, criminalistics science, criminology, sociology, and other sciences whose subject is the consideration of the victim, the offender, and the total phenomenology and etiology of rape. From the forensic science point of view, particularly important is it's complete analysis and understanding, both legal, and practical aspects of the criminal offence of rape, especially the character of relations between perpetrator and the victim, offender's way of approaching the victim, personality traits, and his motives, character of offender's coercion and victim's defense, the place where the rape happened and the circumstances under which it occurs, etc. By taking into account the reality that it is a criminal offense with a very complex phenomenological characteristics, this paper analyzed and classified its various aspects. Their perception can significantly contribute to criminal investigations and defining directions for their implementation, in order to clarify and prove the criminal offence of rape more complete.

Iako je krivično delo silovanja nisko zastupljeno u statistikama ukupnog kriminala, brutalnost sa kojom se često izvodi, teške posledice po žrtvu i visoka tamna brojka uslovile su, između ostalog, njegovo temeljno proučava- nje. U tom smislu, godinama unazad ono je predmet analize krivičnopravne teorije i prakse, kriminalističke nauke, kriminologije, sociologije i drugih nauka čiji je predmet sagledavanja žrtva, učinilac, kao i ukupna fenomenologija i etiologija silovanja. Sa aspekta kriminalističke nauke poseban značaj ima to što potpunija analiza i razumevanje, kako zakonskih, tako i praktičnih aspekata krivičnog dela silovanja, posebno karaktera odnosa učinioca i žrtve, načina pristupa učinioca žrtvi, karakteristika ličnosti silovatelja i njegovog motiva, karaktera prinude učinioca i odbrane žrtve, mesta gde se silovanje dešava i okolnosti pod kojima se ono čini i sl. Uvažavajući realnost da je reč o krivičnom delu sa izuzetno kompleksnim fenomenološkim obeležjima, u radu su klasifikovani i analizirani njegovi različiti aspekti. Njihovo sagledavanje može značajno doprineti kriminalističkim istragama i definisanju pravaca njihove realizacije, kako bi se krivično delo silovanja što potpunije rasvetlilo i dokazalo.