Estimates of endangerment and protection from torrential floods on Smederevo territory

Abstract

On Smederevo territory around 30 torrential floods are registered and their general condition is alarming. Along with the growth of urbanization some of them are induced into sewer systems and rain collectors, which are mostly inappropriate in size to receive a lot of water. Their common characteristics are disorderliness of watershed and worrying ecologic condition of river beds (vegetation, dumps). That is the reason of frequent torrential floods, which make great damages to settlements and economy. When assessing endangerments of floods, influence of range of natural and anthropogenic factors must be analyzed as well as consequent damages. The town of Smederevo implements integral defense from floods on the whole municipal territory, both for the areas which are endangered by torrentials without protective systems and for the areas endangered by systematic watercourse. In order to reduce the damages made from torrential floods it is necessary to anticipate and realize the works by operational plans every year, to specify the flood zone, forbid every sort of construction and determine spaces for building future retentions by the General urban development plan.

Na teritoriji grada Smedereva evidentirano je oko trideset bujičnih vodotoka i njihovo opšte stanje je alarmantno. S razvojem urbanizacije neki od njih su uvedeni u kanalizacione sisteme i kišne kolektore, koji su uglavnom nedovoljnih dimenzija za prijem velikih voda. Njihove zajedničke karakteristike su neuređenost sliva i zabrinjavajuće ekološko stanje rečnih korita (vegetacija, deponije). Zbog toga su česte bujične poplave, koje nanose velike štete naseljima i privredi. Pri oceni ugroženosti od plavljenja moraju se analizirati uticaji niza prirodnih i antropogenih činilaca, ali i nastale štete. Grad Smederevo sprovodi integralnu odbranu od poplava na celoj teritoriji opštine, kako za područja koja ugrožavaju bujični vodotoci bez zaštitnih sistema, tako i za prostor ugrožen uređenim vodotocima. Da bi se smanjile štete nastale od poplava bujičnih vodotoka potrebno je operativnim planovima svake godine predvideti i realizovati određene radove, Generalnim urbanističkim planom Smedereva precizirati plavne zone, zabraniti svaku vrstu gradnje u njima i odrediti prostore za gradnju budućih retenzija.