About non-governmental sector of the national security system: International and domestic experiences

Abstract

In the last few decades, there were radical social changes in economic, legal, political and moral sphere of life. They made some new circumstances in the world, and even in our country. And, there are some very important events in progress that are crucial for the national security. The feeling of insecurity never has been stronger, although the security forces have never been more developed. The traditional attitude according to which the state is exclusive security 'provider' has been abandoned. That is the start of new philosophy and culture of security where the non-governmental sector has a crucial role. Governmental sector operates more and more selective, focusing on 'more dangerous' threats, while it is let to the society to protect itself from the other 'less dangerous' events. In accordance with that, the subject of the thesis is the concept, place and role of non-governmental sector in the national security systems, and the organization and function of non-profitable non-governmental organizations and profitable security agencies - the so-called 'security industries': private companies for military management, consulting and military services, agencies for physical and technical security of people, properties and business, detective and investigation agencies and agencies for rendering other services. Finally, the thesis comprises a brief layout on the 'crisis' of non-governmental security sector in Serbia.

Korenite društvene promene u ekonomskoj, socijalnoj, pravnoj, političkoj i moralnoj sferi života svetskog, pa i našeg društva tokom poslednjih nekoliko decenija, stvorile su nove okolnosti u kojima se odvijaju događaji od značaja za nacionalnu bezbednost. Osećaj nesigurnosti nikada nije bio jači iako snage bezbednosti nikada nisu bili razvijenije. Tradicionalno shvatanje po kome je država ekskluzivni 'provajder' bezbednosti uveliko se napušta. To otvara polje novoj filozofiji i kulturi bezbednosti u kojoj nedržavni sektor igra sve značajniju ulogu. Državni sektor deluje sve selektivnije, usredsređujući se na 'opasnija' ugrožavanja, dok se društvu sve više prepušta da se samo štiti od drugih, 'manje opasnih' pojava. Stim u vezi, u radu se ukazuje na pojam, mesto i ulogu nedržavnog sektora u nacionalnim sistemima bezbednosti, te na organizaciju i funkciju neprofitnih - nevladinih organizacija i profitnih bezbednosnih agencija - tzv. 'industrije bezbednosti': privatnih kompanija za vojni menadžment, konsalting i pružanje vojnih usluga; agencija za pružanje usluga fizičkotehničkog obezbeđenja lica, imovine i poslovanja; agencija za detektivskoistražiteljsku delatnost i agencija za pružanje drugih bezbednosnih usluga. Najzad, učinjen je i kraći osvrt na 'krizu' nedržavnog sektora bezbednosti u Srbiji.