On the place of economic delicta in legal system

Abstract

In our jurisprudence there is no unified attitude about the legal discipline where the economic delicta belong to. There are various opinions, concerned mostly to the very concept of economic delicta understanding of their legal nature and basic characteristics of the delicta. Some theoreticians these provisions categorize in the economic law some in the misdemeanors, but numerous of them find out their place in the domain of criminal law. There is doctrine according to which all economic delicta including economic misdemeanors should be separated in the special domain of criminal law. There is also a doctrine in accordance to which there should be established a widely understood legal branch including all punishable acts including economic delicta. As the most justifiable seems to be the doctrine considering this mater as separated legal domain, having in mind specific legal nature of the delicta, as well as the specific legal solutions concerning economic delicta and their perpetrators. This legal branch makes together with criminal law and law on misdemeanors the punishable law understood in broader sense of the term. Concerning the very term of the legal branch there are used various terms such as law on economic delicta, law provisions on economic delicta but the author stated that as the most acceptable solution is treating them as economic delicta law (written in Serbian language together as one word).

U našoj pravnoj teoriji ne postoji jedinstven stav o tome u koju granu prava spadaju, privredni prestupi i koje je mesto ovih propisa u pravnom sistemu naše zemlje. O tom pitanju postoje različita shvatanja, koja se najčešće vezuju za samu koncepciju privrednih prestupa, shvatanja o njihovoj pravnoj prirodi i osnovne karakteristike ovih delikata. Tako neki teoretičari ove propise svrstavaju u privredno pravo, neki u prekršajno, a brojni su oni koji im mesto pronalaze u okviru krivičnog prava. Postoji i mišljenje da sve privredne delikte, pa dakle i privredne prestupe, treba izdvojiti u posebnu granu krivičnog prava, a ima i shvatanja da mesto ovim deliktima treba tražiti u okvirima kaznenog prava shvaćenog u širem smislu kao grane prava koja obuhvata sve vrste kažnjivih dela u našem pravu. Najopravdanijim se čini ono rešenje koje ovu pravnu materiju posmatra kao posebnu granu prava, imajući u vidu specifičnu pravnu prirodu ovih delikata, kao i posebna pravna rešenja koja se u odnosu na privredne prestupe i njihove učinioce primenjuju. Ova grana prava, zajedno sa krivičnim i prekršajnim pravom, čini sastavni deo kaznenog prava shvaćenog u širem smislu reči. Što se tiče naziva ove grane prava u upotrebi su različiti termini (pravo o privrednim prestupima, privredno prestupno pravo), ali se izraz privrednoprestupno pravo (pisano kao jedna reč) čini najprikladnijim.