Систем казни у светлу Римског статута сталног Међународног кривичног суда
Penal System in the Light of Roman Statute of permanent International Criminal Tribunal
Чланак у часопису (Објављена верзија)
Метаподаци
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После дужег временског периода, у којем се радило на идеји оснивања
Сталног међународног кривичног суда, јула 1998. године у Риму, на дипломатској
конференцији која је одржана под покровитељством Уједињених нација, дошло
је до усвајања коначне верзије Статута Међународног кривичног суда. Суд има
надлежност за четири категорије злочина: геноцид, злочини против човечности,
ратни злочини и злочин агресије и, као и сваки други кривични суд, има могућност
да изриче и примењује санкције према учиниоцима злочина из своје надлежности.
Релевантне одредбе, које се односе на питања које се казне могу применити и
правила за одмеравање казне, садржане су у члановима 77-80 Римског статута
и члановима 145-148 Правилника о поступку и доказима. Овај рад представља
детаљнију анализу тих одредби.
Along with the development of human society the consciousness of people developed
as well as the need to use various measures of social response to protect the most
important goods and values. If we observe the development of the international criminal law before World War II, we shall see that it mainly leaned on the international
law of war which was partially contractual and partially customary in its character.
First true outlines of intentions to establish permanent international criminal tribunal are anticipated only after World War II. Naturally, we cannot but point to the
importance of four ad-hoc tribunals (Nurenberg, Tokyo, Yugoslavia, Rwanda), which
are mentioned in literature without exception related to the development of the international criminal justice. Considering that these are temporary tribunals established
only for respective specific situations, the need was underlined to establish a permanent court that would be a response to comments referring to selecti...ve justice in the
work of ad hoc tribunals.
After a long period of time, in which the work continued on the idea to establish a
permanent international criminal tribunal, the final opening took place in Rome in
July 1998, at diplomatic conference held under the auspices of the United Nations.
The final version of the International Criminal Tribunal Statute was adopted. The Tribunal is competent for four crime categories: genocide, crimes against humanity, war
crimes and crime of aggression. However, the International Criminal Tribunal would
not be a criminal tribunal if it would not have the possibility to pronounce and apply
sanctions towards crime perpetrators within their competence. Relevant provisions,
referring to issues which penalties may be applied and rules to mete out the penalty
are covered by Articles 77 through 80 of the Roman Statute and Articles 145 through
148 of the Rules of the procedure and evidence.
The negotiations on the penalties that will be applied by the International Criminal
Tribunal have shown much more difficult and long-lasting than it has been expected.
Despite common interest aimed at establishing the International Criminal Tribunal
there are also considerable differences in legal cultures. All discussions that had preceded the Roman Conference and those that followed during the meeting indicated
that there was not an international consensus regarding some issues, especially regarding the abolition of capital punishment.
Кључне речи:
Međunarodni krivični sud / Rimski statut / sistem kazni / odmeravanje kazne / svrha kazne / olakšavajuće i otežavajuće okolnostiИзвор:
НБП : Наука, безбедност, полиција, 2005, 10, 2, 117-137Издавач:
- Београд : Полицијска академија