Opportunistic principles of the criminal prosecution

Abstract

The subject of elaboration of this essay would be the certain questions that are characteristic for the opportunistic principles of the criminal prosecution in general. From the aspect of the content, all those questions are grouped into six categories and conclusion remarks, given at the end of this work. In the introductory remark, the author has pointed at the significance of the opportunistic principles of the criminal prosecution and its more frequent presence in the criminal procedure legislation generally. Afterwards, the author is analyzing questions concerning the premise and the type of these principles, not only in our, but in the criminal procedure legislation in general (e.g. the case of German criminal procedure legislation which draw the author's particular attention). Third group of questions is designated to the justification of reasons and the purpose of the existence of these principles. In this chapter, the author provides full evidences and complete justification for the existence of principles using firm arguments and concurrently appeals for its more expansive implementation in our prosecutorial practice. The topic of the opportunistic principles of the criminal prosecutor for adult offenders is elaborated in the fourth part of this essay. Two subgroups of issues are perceived by the author in this section. First subgroup of issues is addressing the possibilities for the postponement of the criminal prosecution under the certain conditions, further followed by the rejection of a criminal complaint, excluding the right for the injured party to undertake the criminal prosecution. Second subgroup is analyzing possibilities for the rejection of a criminal complaint, without any prior orders towards the suspect, and excluding the right for the injured party to undertake the criminal prosecution. The opportunistic principles of the criminal prosecution against the juvenile offenders are the subject of the fifth part of this essay. The final part is elaborating the other possibilities and cases in the criminal procedure legislation of Serbia, which could use the opportunistic principles of the criminal prosecution (i.e. the procedure of extradition, homologation for the criminal prosecution, and transfer of the criminal case files to a foreign state for the reason of the criminal prosecution).

Predmet razmatranja u radu su neka pitanja specifična za načelo oportuniteta krivičnog gonjenja uopšte. Posmatrano sa aspekta svog sadržaja sva ova pitanja su grupisana u šest celina i zaključna razmatranja koja su data na kraju rada. U uvodnim napomenama ukazano je na značaj načela oportuniteta krivičnog gonjenja i njegovo sve veće prisustvo u krivičnoprocesnim zakonodavstvima uopšte. Nakon ovog, u radu su analizirana pitanja koja se tiču pojma i vrsta ovog načela, i to ne samo u našem već i u krivičnom procesnom zakonodavstvu uopšte (slučaj npr. sa nemačkim krivičnoprocesnim zakonodavstvom kojem je posvećena posebna pažnja). Treća grupa pitanja posvećena je razlozima opravdanosti i svrsi postojanja ovog načela i u istoj je na jedan argumentovan način dokazana puna opravdanost njegovog postojanja i izraženo je zalaganje za njegovu veću primenu i u našoj javnotužilačkoj praksi. Načelo oportuniteta krivičnog gonjenja kod punoletnih učinilaca krivičnih dela obrađeno je u četvrtom delu rada. Dve su grupe pitanja kojima je u ovom delu autor posvetio najviše pažnje. Prva se sastoji u prikazu mogućnosti odlaganja krivičnog gonjenja pod određenim uslovima a potom i odbacivanja krivične prijave bez prava oštećenog na preuzimanje krivičnog gonjenja. Druga u analizi mogućnosti odbacivanje krivične prijave bez prethodnog nalaganja bilo kakvih obaveza osumnjičenom licu, i bez prava oštećenog da nakon toga preuzme krivično gonjenje. Načelo oportuniteta krivičnog gonjenja prema maloletnim učiniocima krivičnih dela su pitanja koja čine predmet razmatranja petog dela rada, dok je njegov poslednji deo posvećen prikazu ostalih slučajeva mogućnosti korišćenja oprtuniteta krivičnog gonjenja u krivičnoprocesnom zakonodavstvu Srbije (u postupku ekstradicije, davanju odobrenja za krivično gonjenje, ustupanju krivičnih spisa stranoj državi radi krivičnog gonjenja).